美國發(fā)布最新《國家安全戰(zhàn)略》：恢復(fù)美國在石油、天然氣、煤炭及核能領(lǐng)域的能源主導(dǎo)地位
來源：中國電力報(bào)微信公眾號(hào) 時(shí)間：2025-12-09 14:21
美國白宮于當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間12月4日晚發(fā)布特朗普政府的新版《美國國家安全戰(zhàn)略》（National Security Strategy of the United States of America），旨在確保其在未來幾十年繼續(xù)保持全球范圍內(nèi)最強(qiáng)大、最富裕、最具影響力的國家地位。
該戰(zhàn)略報(bào)告指出，美國核心戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)包括打造全球最堅(jiān)實(shí)、最高效且最具創(chuàng)新力的能源產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，擴(kuò)大能源生產(chǎn)與出口能力。
能源領(lǐng)域重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容摘錄如下。
What Do We Want Overall？
美國國內(nèi)總體目標(biāo)
We want the world’s most robust, productive, and innovative energy sector—one capable not just of fueling American economic growth but of being one of America’s leading export industries in its own right.
我們致力于打造全球最堅(jiān)實(shí)、最高效且最具創(chuàng)新力的能源產(chǎn)業(yè)體系——不僅能夠驅(qū)動(dòng)美國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，更要使其本身成為美國主導(dǎo)性的出口支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。
What Do We Want In and From the World?
美國國際核心利益
We want to prevent an adversarial power from dominating the Middle East, its oil and gas supplies, and the chokepoints through which they pass while avoiding the “forever wars” that bogged us down in that region at great cost.
我們致力于防止敵對(duì)勢(shì)力主宰中東地區(qū)及其油氣資源與運(yùn)輸咽喉要道，同時(shí)避免再次陷入曾令我們付出沉重代價(jià)的長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
What Are America’s Available Means to Get What We Want?
美國戰(zhàn)略的支撐措施
Through President Trump’s robust domestic agenda, the United States is:
通過特朗普總統(tǒng)的國內(nèi)施政綱領(lǐng)，美國正實(shí)現(xiàn)以下目標(biāo)：
Unleashing our enormous energy production capacity as a strategic priority to fuel growth and innovation, and to bolster and rebuild the middle class.
將釋放我們巨大的能源產(chǎn)能作為戰(zhàn)略優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)，以驅(qū)動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，同時(shí)鞏固和重建中產(chǎn)階級(jí)。
Priorities
優(yōu)先任務(wù)
Economic Security – Finally, because economic security is fundamental to national security, we will work to further strengthen the American economy, with emphases on:
經(jīng)濟(jì)安全——最后，鑒于經(jīng)濟(jì)安全是國家安全的基石，我們將著力進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)美國經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，重點(diǎn)聚焦以下方面：
Energy Dominance – Restoring American energy dominance (in oil, gas, coal, and nuclear) and reshoring the necessary key energy components is a top strategic priority. Cheap and abundant energy willproduce well-paying jobs in the United States, reduce costs for American consumers and businesses, fuel reindustrialization, and help maintain our advantage in cutting-edge technologies such as AI. Expanding our net energy exports will also deepen relationships with allies while curtailing the influence of adversaries, protect our ability to defend our shores, and—when and where necessary—enables us to project power. We reject the disastrous “climate change” and “Net Zero” ideologies that have so greatly harmed Europe, threaten the United States, and subsidize our adversaries.
能源主導(dǎo)地位——把恢復(fù)美國在石油、天然氣、煤炭及核能領(lǐng)域的能源主導(dǎo)地位，并將關(guān)鍵能源組件產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈回遷本土，作為首要戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。廉價(jià)充裕的能源將在美國創(chuàng)造高薪就業(yè)崗位，降低消費(fèi)者與企業(yè)成本，驅(qū)動(dòng)再工業(yè)化進(jìn)程，并助力維持我國在人工智能等尖端技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的優(yōu)勢(shì)。擴(kuò)大能源出口還將深化與盟友關(guān)系、遏制對(duì)手影響力，保障我國海岸防御能力，并在必要時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)力量投送。我們摒棄“氣候變化”與“凈零碳排放”意識(shí)形態(tài)，它已重創(chuàng)歐洲、威脅美國并變相資助對(duì)手。
The Regions
地區(qū)布局
1.The Middle East：Shift Burdens, Build Peace
中東：防控風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，構(gòu)建和平
For half a century at least, American foreign policy has prioritized the Middle East above all other regions. The reasons are obvious: the Middle East was for decades the world’s most important supplier of energy, was a prime theater of superpower competition, and was rife with conflict that threatened to spill into the wider world and even to our own shores.
至少半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，美國外交政策始終將中東置于其他所有地區(qū)之上。其理由顯而易見：中東在過去數(shù)十年間是全球最重要的能源供應(yīng)地，是大國競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的主要舞臺(tái)，且沖突頻發(fā)，其溢出效應(yīng)可能波及更廣泛區(qū)域甚至美國本土。
Today, at least two of those dynamics no longer hold. Energy supplies have diversified greatly, with the United States once again a net energy exporter. Superpower competition has given way to great power jockeying, in which the United States retains the most enviable position, reinforced by President Trump’s successful revitalization of our alliances in the Gulf, with other Arab partners, and with Israel.
如今，其中至少兩項(xiàng)態(tài)勢(shì)已發(fā)生根本變化。能源供應(yīng)已實(shí)現(xiàn)高度多元化，美國更再度成為能源凈出口國；超級(jí)大國競(jìng)爭(zhēng)已讓位于大國博弈——而美國憑借特朗普總統(tǒng)成功重振與海灣國家、其他阿拉伯伙伴及以色列的同盟關(guān)系，在此格局中保持著最令人稱羨的地位。
As this administration rescinds or eases restrictive energy policies and American energy production ramps up, America’s historic reason for focusing on the Middle East will recede. Instead, the region will increasingly become a source and destination of international investment, and in industries well beyond oil and gas—including nuclear energy, AI, and defense technologies. We can also work with Middle East partners to advance other economic interests, from securing supply chains to bolstering opportunities to develop friendly and open markets in other parts of the world such as Africa.
隨著本屆政府撤銷或放寬限制性能源政策，以及美國能源生產(chǎn)的擴(kuò)大，歷史上美國聚焦中東的核心動(dòng)因?qū)⒅饾u淡化。取而代之的是，該地區(qū)將日益成為國際投資的來源地與目的地，且投資領(lǐng)域遠(yuǎn)超出油氣范疇——涵蓋核能、人工智能及國防技術(shù)等產(chǎn)業(yè)。我們還可與中東伙伴協(xié)作推進(jìn)其他經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，從保障供應(yīng)鏈安全到開拓發(fā)展機(jī)遇，例如在非洲等其他地區(qū)培育友好開放的市場(chǎng)。
America will always have core interests in ensuring that Gulf energy supplies do not fall into the hands of an outright enemy, that the Strait of Hormuz remain open, that the Red Sea remain navigable, that the region not be an incubator or exporter of terror against American interests or the American homeland, and that Israel remain secure.
美國的核心利益始終在于：確保海灣能源供應(yīng)不落入公然敵對(duì)者手中，保障霍爾木茲海峽暢通無阻，維護(hù)紅海航行自由，防止該地區(qū)成為針對(duì)美國利益或本土的恐怖主義孵化地與輸出源，并確保以色列的安全。
2.Africa
非洲
The United States should transition from an aid-focused relationship with Africa to a trade- and investment-focused relationship, favoring partnerships with capable, reliable states committed to opening their markets to U.S. goods and services. An immediate area for U.S. investment in Africa, with prospects for a good return on investment, include the energy sector and critical mineral development. Development of U.S.-backed nuclear energy, liquid petroleum gas, and liquified natural gas technologies can generate profits for U.S. businesses and help us in the competition for critical minerals and other resources.
美國應(yīng)當(dāng)將與非洲的關(guān)系從以援助為核心轉(zhuǎn)向以貿(mào)易和投資為核心，優(yōu)先與那些有能力、可信賴且承諾向美國商品與服務(wù)開放市場(chǎng)的國家建立伙伴關(guān)系。美國在非洲投資的當(dāng)務(wù)之急是能源領(lǐng)域與關(guān)鍵礦產(chǎn)開發(fā)——這些領(lǐng)域投資回報(bào)前景可觀。發(fā)展美國支持的核能、液化石油氣及液化天然氣技術(shù)不僅能為美國企業(yè)創(chuàng)造利潤，也有助于我們?cè)陉P(guān)鍵礦產(chǎn)和其他資源的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì)。
責(zé)任編輯：江蓬新
